Hyperboles occur most often in poetry, but they also appear in common cliches or sayings. It is not meant to be taken seriously, and usually when explored, reveals a deeper meaning. In “ The Scarlet Ibis” by James Hurst, the ibis itself represents little brother Doodle: traveled a long way to a place it doesn’t belong, elongated neck, crooked legs, and a red tinge that suggests a weakness that can’t be overcome.Ī hyperbole is an obvious exaggeration or overstatement to make a point. Symbols typically illuminate the deeper message or theme in a work, and sometimes they access common archetypes to create a universal understanding of their meaning. It typically uses something physical to represent a broader, more abstract idea. Symbolism uses objects, characters, and motifs to create a pattern of deeper meaning that stands out in the reader’s mind. Robert Frost uses personification in his poem “ Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening” when he gives the horse human qualities: “He gives his harness bells a shake / To ask if there is some mistake.” Horses do not ask questions, but the horse’s confusion seems to mirror the narrator’s own confusion and reluctance to keep moving. Personification is most often used in poetry to create an image or to help establish mood. Personification is used to simplify a more complex concept, to provide humor, or to provide a more clear look at a complicated idea or situation. Personification is the assigning of human qualities to an inanimate object, person, animal, or abstract idea. Extended metaphors are sometimes also called allegories, although allegories tend to be used with larger works and novellas, such as Animal Farm by George Orwell. Emily Dickinson is famous for using extended metaphors, such as in her poem “ Because I Could Not Stop for Death”, which uses a journey with Death personified to mirror the typical journey of life from childhood to inevitable death. A simple metaphor can be found in Edgar Allan Poe’s “ The Raven”, when the narrator observes, “And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor”, referring to the dying embers of the fire as turning into ghosts, much like the ghost of the memory Lenore, which will be visiting him soon.Īn extended metaphor is more complex than a simple metaphor, in that it is typically expressed throughout the entirety of a work. The purpose of a metaphor is to establish a deeper connection and another layer of meaning to a character, the plot, or the theme. Unlike a simile, a metaphor compares two unlike things or ideas without the use of “like” or “as” the connection between the two is more implied than explicitly expressed by the author. Gross! But, Homer’s epic simile is so vivid that it is difficult to forget. In this example, the plunging of the hot stake into Polyphemus’ eye caused a blazing hiss akin to a blacksmith plunging his hot steel into water. For example, in The Odyssey, Homer describes the staking of the Cyclops’ eye in elaborate and almost painful detail: ".its crackling roots blazed and hissed - as a blacksmith plunges a glowing ax or adze in an ice-cold bath and the metal screeches steam and its temper hardens - that's the iron's strength - so the eye of Cyclops sizzled round that stake." In addition to the typical simile, there are also Homeric or epic similes which are extended passages that develop an intricate and ornate simile. darkness, where Juliet is always a shining light and everything becomes dark around her. Known for his use of similes in The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, William Shakespeare uses a simile to describe Romeo’s astonishment at Juliet’s beauty: “O, she doth teach the torches to burn bright! / Her beauty hangs upon the cheek of night, / Like a rich jewel in an Ethiop’s ear.” In this simile, Romeo is beginning the motif of light vs. It is a way to draw a connection between two ideas or things and create a deeper level of meaning for the reader. Show Figurative Language Visually* The Main Types of Figurative Language SimileĪ simile is a comparison between two unlike things using the words “like” or “as”.
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